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Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research
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Thiazolidinediones and risk for atherosclerosis: pleiotropic effects of PPAR{gamma} agonism

Chetan B Patle

Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, US

James A De Lemos

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, US

Kathleen L Wyne

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, US

Darren K McGuire

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, US

Despite advances in the development of anti-hyper-glycaemic drugs and a greater focus on cardiovascular risk modification for patients with diabetes, cardiovascular disease remains the most common complication of type 2 diabetes. Since their initial availability in 1997, the thiazolidinediones have become one of the most commonly prescribed classes of medications for type 2 diabetes. In addition to glucose control, the thiazolidinediones have a number of pleiotropic effects on myriad traditional and non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and hold promise with regard to modification of cardiovascular risk. In a recently reported large-scale clinical trial, pioglitazone was associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and prevalent atherosclerotic disease.

In this review, we summarise the experimental, pre-clinical and clinical data regarding the effects of the thiazolidinediones on cardiovascular risk factors and clinical outcomes.

Key Words: thiazolidinedione • pioglitazone • rosiglitazone • troglitazone • peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor • inflammation • atherosclerosis

Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research, Vol. 3, No. 2, 65-71 (2006)
DOI: 10.3132/dvdr.2006.016
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