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Prevalence and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in an Asian population with diabetes mellitus

Department of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, Singapore, tavintharan_subramaniam{at}alexhosp.com.sg

Ning Cheung

Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne,Australia

Su Chi Lim

Department of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, Singapore

Wanting Tay

Singapore Eye Research Institute,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore

Anoop Shankar

Department of Community, Occupational and Family Medicine,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore

E. Shyong Tai

Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore

Tien Y. Wong

Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne,Australia, Singapore Eye Research Institute,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore

We describe the prevalence and risk factors for PAD in Asian Malays with diabetes. A population-based study of 3,280 (78.7% response) Malay persons aged 40—80 years in Singapore was conducted. ABI was measured in all participants with a history of diabetes (N=634). PAD was defined to be present if ABI 0.9. All participants had standardised interviews, clinical examinations and laboratory investigation for risk factor assessment. The crude prevalence of PAD was 10.4% (95% CI: 8.3%—13.0%). After age standardisation to the 2000 Singapore Census population, the prevalence was 5% (95% CI: 3.8—8.6). In multivariate analyses, the presence of PAD was associated with older age (OR 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01—1.09, per year increase), female gender (OR 4.18; 95% CI: 1.67—10.43), cigarette smoking (OR 2.55; 95% CI: 1.05—6.20), higher systolic blood pressure (OR 1.28; 95% CI: 1.13—1.45), a history of myocardial infarction (OR 3.69; 95% CI: 1.79—7.61) and stroke (OR 3.06 95% CI: 1.25—7.50). In this Asian Malay population with diabetes, we found a high prevalence of PAD.The major risk factors for PAD among persons with diabetes are similar to studies in Caucasian populations, suggesting that strategies aimed at controlling the modifiable factors may reduce the prevalence of PAD in Asian populations.

Key Words: peripheral vascular disease • atherosclerosis • risk factors • macrovascular complications

Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research, Vol. 6, No. 2, 80-86 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1479164109336043


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